Leitmotifs (which in this context I mean as a motif or theme representing a person, place, thing, idea, etc.) are one of the only music theory concepts that have really escaped into (comparatively) popular understanding. Recently, however, I’ve come across a couple of other related terms: the Idée Fixe (specifically the definition provided by Winifred Phillips, where it describes a melody that represents something more universal and evocative than a simple leitmotif, such as a main theme) and musical theatre’s Contrafactum (such as Howard Ho’s definition as a recurring, recognizable melody that can be assigned to multiple contexts and characters, serving more as a consistent vibe).
I was wondering if there are any other significant terms along these lines, describing recurring melodic material in a narrative setting?