I'm worried I might have planted my chilis too late. This is what they look like now, and there are 5-6 weeks left of summer here. Will they have enough time to produce chilies?

I'm worried I might have planted my chilis too late. This is what they look like now, and there are 5-6 weeks left of summer here. Will they have enough time to produce chilies?

Where are you and when is your first frost?
Somewhere like here in Texas has summer through to early September. But that is when the peppers start to get productive, and I get my main harvest from September through to the first frost (they start to get a bit slow as the temperatures fall into the 30's°F to 50's°F / single digit °C).
The smallest plants in the rear pot (the seedlings) are too small. Your other plants look established with good healthy (deep green) growth. If you're not seeing flower buds yet then you will do soon (look in the crown area of the two largest plants). I think you're going to get some fruit - and depending on your weather, possible quite a few.
I find they do much better putting them in beds but it is probably a bit late for that to be particularly worthwhile.