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Brassicales		 Flora of New York — Santalales →
Caryophyllales 1
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The Santalales is a largely parasitic order of plants. The only one of its families that is known to have native or naturalized members in New York is the Santalaceae.

Family Santalaceae

The Santalaceae (sandalwood family) ...[1]
  1. ↑ Joshua P. Der & Daniel L. Nickrent (2008) "A Molecular Phylogeny of Santalaceae (Santalales)." Systematic Botany 33(1): pp. 107–116.

Comandra clade

Also treated as the Comandraceae[1] (bastard-toadflax family), this group contains only the two species bastard toadflax (Comandra umbellata) and false toadflax (Geocaulon lividum), both of which are native to New York.
  1. ↑ D.L. Nickrent et al. (2010) "A revised classification of Sanalales." Taxon 59(2):538-558, 4 Apr 2010.

Comandra

    Santalaceae — Comandra
    Comandra Bastard-toadflax N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
     (L.) Nutt.
    ssp. umbellata
    1753. Thesium umbellatum L.
    1818. Comandra umbellata Nutt.
    1905. Comandra richardsiana Fernald
    1982. C. umbellata ssp. richardsiana Á&D.Löve
    		 Bastard toadflax Native,
    Secure
    		NYFA-5
    USDA-NN
    NPT 
    ARS ITIS




    Images, wsp

      Geocaulon

      Santalaceae — Geocaulon
      Geocaulon False-toadflax N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
       (Richardson) Fernald
      1823. Comandra livida Richardson
      1921. Geocaulon lividum Fernald
      		 False toadflax Native,
      Endangered
      		NYFA-1
      USDA-NN

      ARS 




      Images, wsp

        Cervantesia clade

        Also treated as the family Cervantesiaceae,[1] this is a group of parasitic flowering plants. Its only native or naturalized New York genus is Pyrularia.
        1. ↑ D.L.Nickrent et al. (2010) "A revised classification of Sanalales." Taxon 59(2):538-558, 4 Apr 2010.

        Pyrularia

        Pyrularia contains two species native to the Himalayas of China and one native to the southeastern United States. Buffalonut (Pyrularia pubera) is a root-parasitic shrub, Native to the Appalachians and foothills from Southern Pennsylvania to Alabama and Georgia.[1] It appears to have naturalized on Long Island.
        1. ↑ Kim D. Coder (2011) "Tree Root Parasite: Pyrularia pubera Buffalonut." Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Native Species Series. WSFNR11-09, March 2011
        Santalaceae — Pyrularia
        Pyrularia Buffalo-nut N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
         Michx.
        1803. Pyrularia pubera Michx.
        		 Buffalo-nut,
        Oil-nut        		 Introduced,
        US South native
        		NYFA-Xm
        USDA-N0

        ARS ITIS
        Trop.
        BNA


        Images, wsp

          Viscum clade

          Also treated as the family Viscaceae or tribe Visceae,[1] this group contains seven genera worldwide, two of which have single New York native species. These are branch parasites
          1. ↑ Angiosperm Phylogeny Website for the order Santalales, 25 June 2015

          Arceuthobium

          Arceuthobium pusillum or dwarf mistletoe parasitizes the branches of spruce, pine, and tamarack trees and is one of many causes for the deformations known as "witches brooms" seen on those trees.
            Santalaceae — Arceuthobium
            Arceuthobium Dwarf-mistletoe N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
             Peck
            1872. Arceuthobium pusillum Peck
            1891. Razoumofskya pusilla Kuntze
            		 Dwarf mistletoe,
            Eastern dwarf-mistletoe            		 Native,
            Vulnerable
            		NYFA-3?
            USDA-NN
            NPT 
            ARS ITIS




            Images, wsp

              Phoradendron

              American mistletoe (Phoradendron leucarpum) is believed to be native to Staten Island where it was reported growing on blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica) trees until sometime prior to 1879. It is now considered to be extirpated from New York State.
                Santalaceae — Phoradendron
                Phoradendron Mistletoe N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
                (Raf.) Reveal & M.C.Johnst.
                1817. Viscum leucarpum Raf.
                [1]
                1820. Viscum serotinum Raf.
                1911. non P. leucocarpum Pacz.
                1957. P. serotinum M.C.Johnst.
                1989. P. leucarpum Reveal & M.C.Johnst.
                		 American mistletoe,
                Oak mistletoe,
                Eastern mistletoe,
                Hairy mistletoe                		 Native,
                Extirpated
                		NYFA-Z
                USDA-N0

                ARS 




                Images, wsp
                1. ↑ A pending conservation proposal would change the basionym of Phoradendron leucarpum from Viscum leucarpum to Viscum serotinum, avoiding the P. leucocarpum homonym and making the accepted name Phoradendron serotinum.
                ←
                Brassicales                		 Flora of New York — Santalales →
                Caryophyllales 1
                Droseraceae, Plumbaginaceae, Polygonaceae
                Table of
                contents                		 Genus
                index                		 Protected species index Invasive species index
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